uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free casino credits now!

Are you ready to dive into the exciting world of online casinos without risking a dime? Uptown Pokies, one of the most popular online casinos, offers a fantastic no deposit bonus that allows you to experience the thrill of casino gaming for free. In this article, we’ll explore what the Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus is, how to claim it, and what you can expect once you do. What is a No Deposit Bonus? A no deposit bonus is a type of casino promotion where players can receive free credits or spins without having to make a deposit.

  • Lucky Ace Palace
    new
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Starlight Betting Lounge
    Celestial Bet100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Cash King Palace
    Royal Wins100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Golden Spin Casino
    Luxury Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Spin Palace Casino
    Win Big Now100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Silver Fox Slots
    Elegance+Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Casino
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Diamond Crown Casino
    Opulence & Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Fortune Gaming
    Opulence & Thrills100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Flush Lounge
    Opulent Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more

uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free casino credits now!

Are you ready to dive into the exciting world of online casinos without risking a dime? Uptown Pokies, one of the most popular online casinos, offers a fantastic no deposit bonus that allows you to experience the thrill of casino gaming for free. In this article, we’ll explore what the Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus is, how to claim it, and what you can expect once you do.

What is a No Deposit Bonus?

A no deposit bonus is a type of casino promotion where players can receive free credits or spins without having to make a deposit. These bonuses are designed to attract new players and give them a taste of what the casino has to offer without any financial commitment.

Uptown Pokies No Deposit Bonus

Uptown Pokies offers a generous no deposit bonus to new players. This bonus typically includes a certain amount of free casino credits that you can use to play a variety of games, including slots, table games, and more. The exact amount of the no deposit bonus can vary, so it’s always a good idea to check the latest offers on the Uptown Pokies website.

Key Features of the Uptown Pokies No Deposit Bonus:

  • Free Credits: Receive a specific amount of free casino credits to play with.
  • No Deposit Required: No need to make a deposit to claim the bonus.
  • Wide Game Selection: Use your free credits on a variety of games, including slots, blackjack, roulette, and more.
  • Easy to Claim: The process to claim the bonus is straightforward and user-friendly.

How to Claim the Uptown Pokies No Deposit Bonus

Claiming the Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus is a simple process. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started:

  1. Visit Uptown Pokies: Go to the Uptown Pokies website.
  2. Create an Account: Sign up for a new account if you don’t already have one.
  3. Enter Bonus Code: If required, enter the specific bonus code provided on the promotions page.
  4. Verify Your Account: Complete any necessary account verification steps.
  5. Receive Your Bonus: Once your account is verified, the free credits will be automatically added to your account.

Tips for Using Your No Deposit Bonus:

  • Read the Terms and Conditions: Always review the terms and conditions of the bonus to understand any wagering requirements or restrictions.
  • Explore Different Games: Use your free credits to try out different games and find your favorites.
  • Stay Within Limits: While the bonus is free, it’s important to play responsibly and within your limits.

What to Expect After Claiming the Bonus

Once you’ve claimed your Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus, you can start exploring the vast array of games available. Whether you’re a fan of classic slots, progressive jackpots, or table games, Uptown Pokies has something for everyone.

  • Slots: Games like Aztec’s Millions, Caesar’s Empire, and Cleopatra’s Gold.
  • Table Games: Blackjack, Roulette, Baccarat, and Poker.
  • Specialty Games: Keno, Bingo, and Scratch Cards.

The Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus is an excellent opportunity for new players to experience the excitement of online casino gaming without any financial risk. With a wide selection of games and easy-to-follow steps to claim the bonus, there’s no reason not to give it a try. So, head over to Uptown Pokies today and claim your free casino credits now!


By following these steps and tips, you’ll be well on your way to enjoying the best of what Uptown Pokies has to offer. Happy gaming!

uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free spins now!

If you’re an avid online casino enthusiast, you’ve probably heard of Uptown Pokies. Known for its extensive collection of games and generous bonuses, Uptown Pokies continues to attract players from around the globe. One of the most enticing offers available is the no deposit bonus, which allows you to claim free spins without risking any of your own money. In this article, we’ll dive into the details of the Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus and how you can claim your free spins now!

What is a No Deposit Bonus?

A no deposit bonus is a type of casino promotion where players can receive free spins or bonus funds without having to make a deposit. This is a great way for new players to test out the casino and its games without any financial commitment.

Key Features of No Deposit Bonuses:

  • Free Spins: Players receive a set number of free spins on selected slot games.
  • No Deposit Required: No need to deposit any money to claim the bonus.
  • Wagering Requirements: Often comes with wagering requirements that must be met before cashing out any winnings.

Uptown Pokies No Deposit Bonus

Uptown Pokies offers a variety of bonuses, including a no deposit bonus that provides players with free spins. This bonus is designed to give new players a taste of what the casino has to offer without any initial investment.

How to Claim Your Free Spins

Claiming your free spins at Uptown Pokies is a straightforward process. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

  1. Register an Account: Visit the Uptown Pokies website and sign up for a new account.
  2. Verify Your Account: Complete the verification process by providing the necessary information and documents.
  3. Claim the Bonus: Once your account is verified, navigate to the promotions section and claim your no deposit bonus.
  4. Use Your Free Spins: Start playing your favorite slot games with the free spins provided.

Terms and Conditions

While no deposit bonuses are incredibly appealing, it’s important to understand the terms and conditions associated with them. Here are some key points to consider:

  • Wagering Requirements: You may need to wager the bonus amount a certain number of times before you can withdraw any winnings.
  • Game Restrictions: The free spins may only be valid on specific slot games.
  • Expiry Date: The bonus may have an expiry date, after which it will no longer be valid.

Why Choose Uptown Pokies?

Uptown Pokies is a popular choice for online casino enthusiasts for several reasons:

  • Extensive Game Library: Offers a wide range of games, including slots, table games, and video poker.
  • Generous Bonuses: Regular promotions and bonuses, including the no deposit bonus.
  • Secure and Reliable: Uses advanced security measures to ensure a safe and fair gaming environment.
  • 247 Customer Support: Available to assist with any queries or issues.

The Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus is an excellent opportunity for new players to explore the casino and its games without any financial risk. By following the simple steps outlined above, you can claim your free spins and start enjoying the thrill of online casino gaming. Remember to review the terms and conditions to ensure you fully understand the requirements and restrictions associated with the bonus. Happy spinning!

uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free spins now!

Are you ready to dive into the world of online casino excitement without risking a dime? Uptown Pokies, one of the leading online casinos, offers an enticing no deposit bonus that allows you to claim free spins and explore their extensive game library. Here’s everything you need to know about this fantastic offer.

What is a No Deposit Bonus?

A no deposit bonus is a promotional offer provided by online casinos to attract new players. Unlike other bonuses that require a deposit, this one allows you to start playing without making any initial payment. Uptown Pokies’ no deposit bonus typically includes free spins that you can use on selected slot games.

How to Claim Your Free Spins

Claiming your free spins at Uptown Pokies is a straightforward process. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

  1. Sign Up: Visit the Uptown Pokies website and create a new account. Fill in the required details to complete the registration process.
  2. Verify Your Account: Check your email for a verification link sent by Uptown Pokies. Click on the link to confirm your account.
  3. Claim the Bonus: Once your account is verified, log in and navigate to the promotions section. Look for the no deposit bonus offer and click on “Claim Now.”
  4. Use Your Free Spins: The free spins will be credited to your account immediately. Head to the selected slot games and start spinning!

Terms and Conditions

While no deposit bonuses are a great way to test out a casino, it’s essential to understand the terms and conditions associated with them. Here are some key points to consider:

  • Wagering Requirements: You may need to wager the winnings from your free spins a certain number of times before you can withdraw them.
  • Game Restrictions: The free spins may only be valid on specific slot games. Make sure to check which games are eligible.
  • Expiry Date: The bonus and any winnings from it may have an expiry date. Ensure you use the free spins within the specified timeframe.
  • Maximum Cashout: There may be a limit on the amount you can withdraw from your winnings earned using the no deposit bonus.

Why Choose Uptown Pokies?

Uptown Pokies stands out in the competitive online casino market for several reasons:

  • Extensive Game Library: With hundreds of games, including slots, table games, and specialty games, there’s something for everyone.
  • Mobile Compatibility: Play your favorite games on the go with Uptown Pokies’ mobile-friendly platform.
  • Secure and Fair: Uptown Pokies is committed to providing a safe and fair gaming environment, ensuring that all games are audited for fairness.
  • Excellent Customer Support: Their customer support team is available 247 to assist with any queries or issues.

Final Thoughts

Uptown Pokies’ no deposit bonus is an excellent opportunity for new players to experience the thrill of online casino gaming without any financial risk. With free spins at your disposal, you can explore a variety of exciting slot games and potentially win real money. Don’t miss out on this fantastic offer—sign up today and claim your free spins!

optimized title: claim your free no deposit bonus for australian online pokies - sign up now!

Are you an Australian online pokies enthusiast looking for the best deals? Look no further! Many online casinos are offering free no deposit bonuses to new players. This is your chance to enjoy your favorite pokies without risking any of your own money. Sign up now and claim your free bonus!

What is a No Deposit Bonus?

A no deposit bonus is a type of casino promotion where new players receive free credits or spins simply for registering an account. Unlike deposit bonuses, you don’t need to make any initial payment to claim this offer. It’s a risk-free way to explore the casino and try out various pokies.

Key Benefits of No Deposit Bonuses:

  • Risk-Free Gaming: Play without using your own money.
  • Try New Games: Test out different pokies and find your favorites.
  • Win Real Money: Any winnings from the bonus can often be withdrawn after meeting the wagering requirements.

How to Claim Your Free No Deposit Bonus

Claiming your free no deposit bonus is a straightforward process. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

  1. Choose a Reputable Casino:

    • Look for licensed and regulated casinos with good reviews.
    • Ensure the casino offers a variety of pokies from top providers.
  2. Sign Up:

    • Visit the casino’s website.
    • Click on the “Sign Up” or “Register” button.
    • Fill in the required personal details to create your account.
  3. Claim the Bonus:

    • Once your account is created, the bonus should be automatically credited.
    • If not, check the promotions section or contact customer support.
  4. Play Pokies:

    • Use your free credits or spins to play your favorite pokies.
    • Enjoy the thrill of winning without any financial risk!

When you claim your no deposit bonus, you’ll have access to a wide range of pokies. Here are some popular options you might want to try:

  • Big Red: A classic Australian pokie with a unique Outback theme.
  • Queen of the Nile: A popular Egyptian-themed pokie with free spins and multipliers.
  • 50 Dragons: Features 50 paylines and a high-paying dragon symbol.
  • Lightning Link: Offers progressive jackpots and exciting bonus features.

Wagering Requirements

While no deposit bonuses are fantastic, they often come with wagering requirements. This means you need to bet a certain amount before you can withdraw any winnings. Always check the terms and conditions to understand the requirements.

Tips for Meeting Wagering Requirements:

  • Play Low Variance Pokies: These games offer frequent, smaller wins, helping you meet the requirements faster.
  • Stick to the Bonus Funds: Use the bonus credits first to avoid depleting your own money.
  • Time Management: Some bonuses have time limits, so play within the specified period.

Claiming a free no deposit bonus for Australian online pokies is a fantastic opportunity to enjoy your favorite games without any financial risk. Sign up at a reputable casino, claim your bonus, and start spinning those reels! Whether you’re a seasoned player or a newcomer, this offer is too good to miss. Sign up now and claim your free bonus!

Source

  1. uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free casino credits now!
  2. uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free casino credits now!
  3. uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free casino credits now!
  4. uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free casino credits now!
  5. uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free casino credits now!
  6. uptown pokies no deposit bonus: claim your free casino credits now!

Frequently Questions

How can I claim my free casino credits with Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus?

To claim your free casino credits with Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus, first, sign up for a new account on the Uptown Pokies website. After registration, check your email for a confirmation link to activate your account. Once activated, log in and navigate to the 'Promotions' section. Look for the no deposit bonus offer and click 'Claim Now'. Follow the on-screen instructions to receive your free credits. Ensure you meet any wagering requirements before attempting to withdraw any winnings. Enjoy your free credits and good luck!

How can I claim my 24 Pokies Casino no deposit bonus free spins?

To claim your 24 Pokies Casino no deposit bonus free spins, first, sign up for a new account on the 24 Pokies website. After registration, verify your email by clicking the link sent to your inbox. Once verified, log in to your account and navigate to the 'Bonuses' section. Look for the 'No Deposit Bonus' option and click 'Claim Now'. Your free spins will be credited to your account immediately. Use these spins on the specified slot games to start playing without any deposit. Remember to check the bonus terms and conditions for wagering requirements and game restrictions.

 

How can I claim the 24 Pokies Casino no deposit bonus?

To claim the 24 Pokies Casino no deposit bonus, first, create an account on the 24 Pokies website by providing your personal details and verifying your email. Once your account is verified, navigate to the 'Promotions' section and locate the no deposit bonus offer. Click on 'Claim Now' and follow the on-screen instructions to activate the bonus. Typically, you'll receive a specific amount of free spins or bonus cash without needing to deposit funds. Ensure you read the terms and conditions to understand the wagering requirements and any restrictions. Enjoy your bonus and good luck!

What are the best Australian no deposit bonus pokies available?

Discover the top Australian no deposit bonus pokies that offer free spins and credits without requiring a deposit. Popular choices include Rich Casino, which provides 25 free spins on sign-up, and Fair Go Casino, offering $100 free chip for new players. Uptown Pokies also stands out with a $25 no deposit bonus. These bonuses let you enjoy pokies risk-free, enhancing your gaming experience. Always check the terms and conditions for wagering requirements and validity periods. Start your pokies adventure today with these enticing no deposit bonuses!

How can I claim the exclusive Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus in Australia for 2022?

To claim the exclusive Uptown Pokies no deposit bonus in Australia for 2022, visit the official Uptown Pokies website and sign up for a new account. Complete the registration process by providing the necessary personal details. Once your account is verified, navigate to the 'Promotions' section where you will find the no deposit bonus offer. Click on 'Claim Now' and follow the on-screen instructions to activate the bonus. This bonus typically includes free spins or a small amount of free cash, allowing you to explore the casino without making a deposit. Ensure you read the terms and conditions to understand the wagering requirements and any other restrictions.